Journal Article

Background: Bangladesh is the first signatory countries of WHO FCTC. Bangladesh signed on 16 June 2003 and ratified on 14 June 2004. The government of Bangladesh has taken several initiatives to reduce tobacco use. Bangladesh government has enacted tobacco control law in 2005 and amended in 2013 along with notification of the revised rules in 2015.

Methods: Cross sectional study design, quantitative and qualitative approaches, purposive sampling method and semi-structured questionnaire and oral interview used to conduct the survey. The objectives of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of Task Force (TF) regarding Tobacco Control (TC) Law. SPSS 21, Microsoft Excel used to analysis the data.

Objectives: Currently 37.8 million peoples are using tobacco in Bangladesh. Current user of electronic cigarettes in Bangladesh is 0.2 %. Overall 66.2 % adults both men and women current use tobacco but thinking about quitting. The objectives of the study were to identify the market, import, distribution, promotion strategy and pricing policy of e-cigarette in Bangladesh.

Methods: Cross sectional study design, qualitative and quantitative approaches, purposive sampling techniques were used to conduct the study. Semi-structured Questioner was used collect the primary data and Observational methods and in-depth interview were used to collect qualitative information.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Bidi (local handmade non-filtered cigarettes) is low-cost tobacco products in world and more than 150 stick bidis (6 packs, one pack = 25 sticks) for only US$1 (85 BDT). Poor, ultra poor and illiterate people smoke bidis. 5.3 million Or 5% Adults (15+ years) smoked bidis and, on an average of 13.7 bidis smoked per day (GATS Bangladesh 2017).

Objectives: Graphical Health Warnings (GHW) on both side of all tobacco products including covering 50% or more surface area and “approved for selling only in Bangladesh” were imposed from 19th March 2016 as per amendment of the Smoking and Tobacco Products Uses.

Methods: Samples of bidi packets were collected from 160 wholesale shops situated in the 270 bazars (market area) in the 64 district towns during October 2017 to September 2019. Total 139 samples of different packets were collected owned by 39 brands of 30 companies.

Background: Bangladesh is one of the world's most densely (1,115.62 people per square kilometer) populated countries with 170 million people, 43% of whom live below the national poverty line. In Bangladesh 43.13 Million (GATS-2009) people are using tobacco and tobacco is one of the major causes to reduce poverty. For reduce tobacco use and implementation of FCTC Guideline, Bangladesh government has enacted tobacco control law in 2005 and amended in 2013 along with notification of the revised rules in 2015. As per rules Graphic Health Warnings (GHWs) has been implemented from 19 March 2016 on 50% principle area of all tobacco products packs.

Material: Cross sectional study design, quantitative and qualitative approaches, purposive sampling method and semi- structured questionnaire and in-depth interview used to conduct the survey. The objectives of the study was to identify the impact of GHWs implementation among the low income and uneducated generation. SPSS 21, Microsoft Excel used to analysis the data.

Background: Graphical Health Warning (GHW) in 50% of all tobacco packets/packages has been implemented from 19 March 2016 following the tobacco control (TC) law that amendment in 2013 and rules notified in 2015. But, there are many small and large tobacco industries bypass and ignore the TC law in different ways. The study was conducted to identify and show the current GHW implementation and challenges in Bangladesh and the sample collection period of the study was January 2017 to April 2017.

Methods: Out of 64, survey was conducted in 25 Districts and both qualitative and quantitative techniques, semi structured questionnaire and observational methods used to conduct the study. GHWs in all types of tobacco products were observed. 3 retail shops and 3 wholesale shops selected from each district. A research team was developed and organized a workshop regarding tobacco control law and GHW implementation for effectiveness and quality of the study and Excel software was used to analyze the data.

Background: In Bangladesh Cigarette & Bidi use as smoking tobacco and Zordha, Gul & sada pata or ala pata (Raw tobacco leaf) are used as smokeless tobacco. Overall 37.8 million adults currently used tobacco among these 27.3 million smokeless tobacco and bidi user (GATS-2017). Graphic Health Warnings (GHW) is one of the proven methods of MPOWER package and the country has been implemented from 19 March 2016 but still now the implementation on Bidi and smokeless tobacco are not satisfactory.

Design/Methods: Cross-sectional study design, qualitative and quantitative techniques, purposive sampling methods and all types of tobacco products (as per availability) was analyzed for monitoring the implementation. Graphic Health Warnings Monitoring software has been developed by using Open Data Kit (ODK) tools and a check list was developed on the basis of section 10 of tobacco control law for measuring the compliance.

Introduction: Among adults aged 15 years and above, the consumption rate of Smokeless Tobacco products is 20.6% or 22 million that higher than smoking (18.0% or 19.2 million) in Bangladesh (GATS 2017). Graphical Health Warnings (GHW) on both sides of all tobacco products covering 50% or more surface area imposed from 19th March 2016 as per amendment of the Smoking and Tobacco Products Uses (Control) Act 2005 in 2013 and its Rules in 2015. This law made mandatory to write “approved for selling only in Bangladesh” should also be written in all tobacco packs.

Objectives: To identify the gaps on enforcement GHWs (section 10 of tobacco control law) in the most common SLT products; zarda/smashed tobacco with betel leaf and gul/tobacco powder in lower gum.

Methods: Tobacco Control and Research Cell (TCRC) of the Dhaka International University conducted survey from October 2018 to September 2019. Packets of smokeless tobacco products collected from 295 wholesale shops situated in the 131 bazaars (market area) in the 32 district towns. These 295 wholesale shops distributed/sale SLT products in all other local and small shops of these districts.

Objective: Bangladesh is a large and heavily densely populated country. Total population are 168.07 million, this makes the 8th most populous country in the world. The capital and largest city is Dhaka, which has a population of 14.4 million. Dhaka is often called the Rickshaw Capital of the World with more than 600,000 cycle rickshaws on the roads every day. In Bangladesh, 37.8 million [GATS-2017] people are using tobacco and tobacco is one of the major causes of poverty. Bangladesh government has enacted tobacco control law in 2005 and amended in 2013 passed the rules in 2015. As per rules Graphic Health Warnings [GHWs] has been implemented from 19 March 2016. The objective of the study was to identify the impact of GHWs implementation among the Rickshaw Polar in Dhaka city. SPSS 21, Microsoft Excel used to analysis the data.

Methods: Cross sectional study design, quantitative and qualitative approaches, purposive sampling method, semi-structured questionnaire and in-depth interview used to conduct the survey.

Introduction: Among adults aged 15 years and above, the consumption rate of Smokeless Tobacco products is 20.6% or 22 million that higher than smoking (18.0% or 19.2 million) in Bangladesh (GATS 2017). Graphical Health Warnings (GHW) on both sides of all tobacco products covering 50% or more surface area imposed from 19th March 2016 as per amendment of the Smoking and Tobacco Products Uses (Control) Act 2005 in 2013 and its Rules in 2015. This law made mandatory to write “approved for selling only in Bangladesh” should also be written in all tobacco packs.

Objectives: To identify the gaps on enforcement GHWs (section 10 of tobacco control law) in the most common SLT products; zarda/smashed tobacco with betel leaf and gul/tobacco powder in lower gum.

Methods: Tobacco Control and Research Cell (TCRC) of the Dhaka International University conducted survey from October 2018 to September 2019. Packets of smokeless tobacco products collected from 295 wholesale shops situated in the 131 bazaars (market area) in the 32 district towns. These 295 wholesale shops distributed/sale SLT products in all other local and small shops of these districts.